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PILON FRACTURES
- Fractures of the lower end of the tibia into the ankle joint: results 9 years after open reduction and internal fixation. Author: Rüedi T. Injury. 1973 Nov;5(2):130-4.
- Strategies for surgical approaches in open reduction internal fixation of pilon fractures. Author: Assal M, Ray A, Stern R. J Orthop Trauma. 2015 Feb;29(2):69-79.
- A Staged Protocol for Soft Tissue Management in the Treatment of Complex Pilon Fractures. Author: Sirkin M, Sanders R, DiPasquale T, Herscovici D Jr. J Orthop Trauma. 2004 Sep;18(8 Suppl):S32-8.
- The Results of Early Primary Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Treatment of OTA 43.C-type Tibial Pilon Fractures: A Cohort Study. Author: White TO, Guy P, Cooke CJ, et al.J Orthop Trauma. 2010; 24(12):757-763.
- Comparison of Two-Staged ORIF and Limited Internal Fixation with External Fixator for Closed Tibial Plafond Fractures. Author: Wang C, Li Y, Huang L, Wang M. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2010;130(10):1289-1297.
- Treatment of Distal Tibia Fractures Without Articular Involvement: A Systematic Review of 1125 Fractures Author: Boris A. Zelle, MD,* Mohit Bhandari, MD, MSc,† Michael Espiritu, MD,* Kenneth J. Koval,‡ and Michael Zlowodzki, MD§; on behalf of the Evidence-Based Orthopaedic Trauma Working Group Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 20, No. 1, Jan 2006, pp 76–79
- Pilon Fractures: Treatment with Combined Internal and External Fixation. Author: Tornetta P III, Weiner L, Bergman M, et al. J Orthop Trauma. 1993; 7(6):489-496.
- Does the Fibula Need to be Fixed in Complex Pilon Fractures? Author: Kurylo JC, Datta N, Iskander KN, Tornetta P 3rd. J Orthop Trauma. 2015 Sep;29(9):424-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26295736
- Operative Treatment of Fractures of the Tibial Plafond. A Randomized, Prospective Study Author: Brad Wyrsch, Mark A. McFerran, Mark McAndrew, Thomas J. Limbird, Marion C. Harper, Kenneth D. Johnson and Herbert S. Schwartz Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 78-A, No. 11, Nov 1996
- Entrapped Posteromedial Structures in Pilon Fractures. Author: Eastman JG, Firoozabadi R, Benirschke SK, Barei DP, Dunbar RP. J Orthop Trauma. 2014; 28(9):528-533.
- Open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plafond fractures. Variables contributing to poor results and complications. Author: Teeny SM, Wiss DA. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993 Jul;(292):108-17.
- Complications After Treatment of Tibial Pilon Fractures: Prevention and Management Strategies Author: David B. Thordarson, MD Journal: JAAOS Volume: Vol. 8, No. 4, July/Aug 2000, pp 253-265
- Complications Encountered in the Treatment of Pilon Fractures. Author: McFerran MA, Smith SW, Boulas HJ, Schwartz HS. J Orthop Trauma. 1992;6(2):195-200.
- Definitive plates overlapping provisional external fixator pin sites: is the infection risk increased? Author: Shah CM, Babb PE, McAndrew CM, et al. J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Sep;28(9):518-22.
- Outcomes After Treatment of High-Energy Tibial Plafond Fractures Author: Andrew N. Pollak, Melissa L. McCarthy, R. Shay Bess, Julie Agel and Marc F. Swiontkowski Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 85-A, No. 10, Oct 2003, pp 1893-1900
TIBIAL SHAFT FRACTURES
- Fractures of the Middle Third of the Tibia Treated with a Functional Brace. Author: Sarmiento A, Latta LL. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(12):3108-3115.
- Treatment of Closed Tibial Fractures Author: Andrew H. Schmidt, MD, Christopher G. Finkemeier, MD, MBA, & Paul Tornetta III, MD Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 85-A, No. 2, Feb 2003, pp 351-368
- Current Practice in the Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Shaft Fractures: An International Survey Author: Mohit Bhandari, MD, MSc, Gordon H. Guyatt, MD, MSc, Paul Tornetta III, MD, Marc F. Swiontkowski, MD, Beate Hanson, MD, Sheila Sprague, BSc, Amena Syed, BSc, and Emil H. Schemitsch, MD Journal: TRAUMA Volume: Vol. 53, No. 4, pp 725-732
- Reamed intramedullary tibial nailing: an overview and analysis of 1106 cases. Author: Court-Brown CM. J Orthop Trauma. 2004 Feb;18(2):96-101.
- Randomized Trial of Reamed and Unreamed Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Shaft Fractures. Author: SPRINT Investigators; Bhandari M, Guyatt G, Tornetta P III. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008; 90(12):2567-2578.
- Reamed Versus Nonreamed Intramedullary Nailing of Lower Extremity Long Bone Fractures: A Systematic Overview and Meta-Analysis. Author: Bhandari M, Guyatt GH, Tong D, Adili A, Shaughnessy SG. J Orthop Trauma. 2000;14(1):2-9.
- Nonunion Following Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur with and without Reaming: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial Author: The Canadian Orthopaedic Trauma Society Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 85-A, No. 11, Nov 2003, pp 2093-2096
- Semiextended position of intramedullary nailing of the proximal tibia. Author: Tornetta P 3rd, Collins E. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Jul;(328):185-9.
- Semi-Extended Nailing of Metaphyseal Tibia Fractures: Alignment and Incidence of Postoperative Knee Pain. Author: Ryan SP, Steen B, Tornetta P III. J Orthop Trauma. 2014;28(5):263-269.
- Semiextended Intramedullary Nailing of the Tibia Using a Suprapatellar Approach: Radiographic Results and Clinical Outcomes at a Minimum of 12 Months Follow-up. Author: Sanders RW, DiPasquale TG, Jorday CJ, Arrington JA, Sagi HC. J Orthop Trauma. 2014;28(5):245-255.
- Fractures of the Proximal Third of the Tibial Shaft Treated With Intramedullary Nails and Blocking Screws Author: William M. Ricci, *Michael O’Boyle, Joseph Borrelli, †Carlo Bellabarba, & ‡ Roy Sanders Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp 264–270, 2001
- The use of Poller screws as blocking screws in stabilising tibial fractures treated with small diameter intramedullary nails. Author: Krettek C, Stephan C, Schandelmaier P, et al. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999 Nov;81(6):963-8.
- Intramedullary Nailing of Proximal Quarter Tibial Fractures Author: Sean E. Nork, MD,* David P. Barei, MD, FRCS(C),* Thomas A. Schildhauer, MD,† Julie Agel, MA,* Sarah K. Holt, MPH,* Jason L. Schrick, BS,* and Bruce J. Sangeorzan, MD* Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 20, No. 8, Sept 2006, pp 523-528
- Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Metaphyseal Tibial Fractures Author: Sean E. Nork, Alexandra K. Schwartz, Julie Agel, Sarah K. Holt, Jason L. Schrick, & Robert A. Winquist Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 87-A, No. 6, June 2005, pp 1213-1221
- Distal Metaphyseal Fractures of Tibia: A Prospective Randomized Trial of Closed Reduction and Intramedullary Nail Versus Open Reduction and Plate and Screws Fixation Author: Gun-Il Im MD, and Suk-Kee Tae, MD Journal: TRAUMA Volume: Vol. 59, No. 5, pp 1219-1223
- Plate Versus Nail for Distal Tibial Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Kwok CS, Crossman PT, Loizou CL. J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Sep;28(9):542-8.
- Randomized, Prospective Comparison of Plate Versus Intramedullary Nail Fixation for Distal Tibia Shaft Fractures. Author: Vallier HA, Cureton BA, Patterson BM. J Orthop Trauma. 2011;25(12):736-741.
- Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 for Treatment of Open Tibial Fractures: a Prospective, Controlled, Randomized Study of Four Hundred and Fifty Patients Author: Shunmugam Govender, MD, Cristina Csimma, RPH, MHP, Harry K. Genant, MD, and Alexandre Valentin-Opran, MD Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 84-A, No. 12, Dec 2002, pp 2123-2134
- Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2: a randomized trial in open tibial fractures treated with reamed nail fixation. Author: Aro HT, Govender S, Patel AD, et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 May 4;93(9):801-8.
- Recombinant Human BMP-2 and Allograft Compared with Autogenous Bone Graft for Reconstruction of Diaphyseal Tibial Fractures with Cortical Defects: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Author: Alan L. Jones, MD, Robert W. Bucholz, MD, Michael J. Bosse, MD, Sohail K. Mirza, MD, MPH, Thomas R. Lyon, MD, Lawrence X. Webb, MD, Andrew N. Pollak, MD, Jane Davis Golden, PT, MHP, & Alexandre Valentin-Opran, MD Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 88-A, No. 7, July 2006, pp 1431-1441
- Long-Term Outcome After Tibial Shaft Fracture: Is Malunion Important? Author: S.A. Milner, FRCS(TR & ORTH), T.R.C. Davis, FRCS, K.R. Muir, PHD, D.C. Greenwood, MSC, and M. Doherty, FRCP Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 84-A, No. 6, June 2002, pp 971-980
- Prognostic Factors for Predicting Outcomes After Intramedullary Nailing of the Tibia. Author: Schemitsch EH, Bhandari M, Guyatt G, Sanders DW, Swiontkowski M, Tornetta P, Walter SD, Zdero R, Goslings JC, Teague D, Jeray K, McKee MD. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012 Oct 3; 94(19):1786-93.
- Critical-Sized Defect in the Tibia: Is it Critical? Results From the SPRINT Trial. Author: Sanders DW, Bhandari M, Guyatt G, et al. J Orthop Trauma. 2014;28(11):632-635.
- An Analysis of Outcomes of Reconstruction or Amputation After Leg-Threatening Injuries. Author: Bosse MJ, MacKenzie EJ, Kellam JF, et al. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(24):1924-1931.
- A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Tibial Nailing Using Fracture Table Traction Versus Manual Traction Author: McKee, Michael D.; Schemitsch, Emil H.; Waddell, James P.; Yoo, Daniel Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 13, No. 7, Sept/Oct 1999, pp 463-469
- Re-evaluation of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in treatment of tibial fractures (TRUST): randomized clinical trial. Author: TRUST Investigators writing group, Busse JW, Bhandari M, Einhorn TA. BMJ. 2016 Oct 25;355:i5351.
TIBIAL PLATEAU FRACTURES
- The tibial plateau fracture. The Toronto experience 1968--1975. Author: Schatzker J, McBroom R, Bruce D. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1979 Jan-Feb;(138):94-104.
- Indications for surgical treatment of tibial condyle fractures. Author: Honkonen SE. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994 May;(302):199-205.
- Tibial Condylar Fractures. Impairment of Knee Joint Stability as an Indication for Surgical Treatment. Author: Rasmussen PS. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1973 Oct;55(7):1331-50.
- Degenerative arthritis after tibial plateau fractures. Author: Honkonen SE. J Orthop Trauma. 1995;9(4):273-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7562147
- Tibial Condylar Fractures. A Twenty-Year Follow-up. Author: Lansinger O, Bergman B, Körner L, Andersson GB.J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1986 Jan;68(1):13-9.
- The Long-Term Functional Outcome of Operatively Treated Tibial Plateau Fractures. Author: Stevens DG, Beharry R, McKee MD, Waddell JP, Schemitsch EH. J Orthop Trauma. 2001 Jun-Jul;15(5):312-20.
- Operative Treatment of 109 Tibial Plateau Fractures: Five- to 27-Year Follow-up Results. Author: Rademakers MV, Kerkhoffs GM, Sierevelt IN, Raaymakers EL, Marti RK.J Orthop Trauma. 2007 Jan;21(1):5-10. Erratum in: J Orthop Trauma. 2007 Mar;21(3):218.
- High-Energy Tibial Plateau Fractures Author: Eric M. Berkson, MD and Walter W. Virkus, MD Journal: JAAOS Volume: Vol. 14, No. 1, Jan 2006, pp 20-31
- Functional Outcomes of Severe Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures Treated with Dual Incisions and Medial and Lateral Plates Author: David P. Barei, MD, FRCS(C), Sean E. Nork, MD, William J. Mills, MD, Chad P. Coles, MD, FRCS(C), M. Bradford Henley, MD, and Stephen K. Benirschke, MD Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 88-A, No. 8, Aug 2006, pp 1713-1721
- Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Compared with Circular Fixator Application for Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures: Results of a Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial Author: The Canadian Orthopaedic Trauma Society Journal: JBJS Volume: Vol. 88-A, No. 12, Dec 2006, pp 2613-2623
- Comparative Fixation of Tibial Plateau Fractures Using a-BSMTM, a Calcium Phosphate Cement, Versus Cancellous Bone Graft Author: Andrew Trenholm, BSc, MD, Scott Landry, BSc(Hon), BEng, Kyle McLaughlin, BSc, Kevin J. Deluzio, PhD, Jennifer Leighton, Kelly Trask, BEng, MSc, and Ross K. Leighton, BSc, MD, FRCS(C) Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 19, No. 10, Nov/Dec 2005, pp 698–702
- The use of calcium phosphate bone cement in fracture treatment. A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Author: Bajammal SS, Zlowodzki M, Lelwica A, et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008 Jun;90(6):1186-96.
- Complications Associated With Internal Fixation of High-Energy Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures Utilizing a Two-Incision Technique Author: David P. Barei, MD, FRCS(C), Sean E. Nork, MD, William J. Mills, MD, M. Bradford Henley, MD, and Stephen K. Benirschke, MD Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 18, No. 10, Nov/Dec 2004, pp 649-657
- The Prevalence of Soft Tissue Injuries in Nonoperative Tibial Plateau Fractures as Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Author: Lane Shepherd, Karim Abdollahi, Jackson Lee, and C. Thomas Vangsness, Jr. Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 16, No. 9, pp 628–631, 2002
- Operative Treatment of Extra-Articular Proximal Tibial Fractures Author: Mohit Bhandari, MD, Laurent Audige, PhD, Thomas Ellis, MD, and Beate Hanson, MD, on behalf of the Evidence-Based Orthopaedic Trauma Working Group Journal: JOT Volume: Vol. 17, No. 8, Sept 2003, pp 591-59
- Posteromedial supine approach for reduction and fixation of medial and bicondylar tibial plateau fractures. Author: Weil YA, Gardner MJ, Boraiah S, et al. J Orthop Trauma. 2008 May-Jun;22(5):357-62.